What is a Pacification Campaign?

A pacification campaign

is a military operation to control, conquer and settle in a given inhabited region.

In this case:

The Portuguese Empire, in the late 19th century consisting in a few ports along the east and west African coast, emparked in a plan to accompany its european counterparts in the scramble for Africa and led ferocious pacification campaigns into the interior of Angola and Mozambique.

The Cuamato peoples offered legendary resistance for its bravery, intelligence and nobility having fought four battles until completely defeated and colonized.